IMDS 代表什么？ 将 IMDS 应用到汽车制造的好处。

What does IMDS stand for?
IMDS 代表什么？

The automobile industry manages information about the materials and compounds used in vehicles using the (IMDS) International Materials Data System, an online Material Information Database database. Ford, Opel, Porsche, Volkswagen, Volvo, Daimler, DXC, and Audi all contributed to its development. In order to specify the materials for which Material Data Sheets (MDS) are prepared, the IMDS Steering Committee has released a number of recommendations. Each recommendation includes MDS guidelines for several material classes. How to disclose declarable compounds found in components and materials is explained in the IMDS recommendations. IMDS, which was created in 2000 to comply with environmental laws including the EU’s Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive and the End-of-Life Vehicles Directive, has expanded to include at least 62 international automobile OEMs. As more manufacturers joined the community at the same time, MDS grew to become a universal standard that is adopted by practically all worldwide OEMs. National and international standards, regulatory requirements, and commitments to automakers and their suppliers can all be met with the help of lMD.
汽车行业使用 (IMDS) 国际材料数据系统（一个在线材料信息数据库）来管理有关车辆中使用的材料和化合物的信息。福特、欧宝、保时捷、大众、沃尔沃、戴姆勒、DXC和奥迪都为其发展做出了贡献。为了指定准备材料数据表 (MDS) 的材料，IMDS 指导委员会发布了一些建议。每项建议都包含针对多种材料类别的 MDS 指南。 IMDS 建议中解释了如何披露组件和材料中发现的应申报化合物。 IMDS 于 2000 年创建，旨在遵守包括欧盟有害物质限制 (RoHS) 指令和报废车辆指令在内的环境法，现已扩展到包括至少 62 家国际汽车 OEM。随着越来越多的制造商同时加入社区，MDS 逐渐成为全球几乎所有 OEM 厂商采用的通用标准。国家和国际标准、监管要求以及对汽车制造商及其供应商的承诺都可以在 lMD 的帮助下得到满足。

IMDS Recommendation 019 is one of them and it pertains to electrical and electronic components. On October 30, 2003, it was originally authorized and made public. The new Rec 019 procedure was created in 2013 to satisfy the REACH communication requirements as well as the expanded requirements of the End of Life Motor Vehicles Directive (2000/53/EC). Rec 019 details the development of hybrid electronics suitable for automotive applications, printed circuit boards (PCB/PWB), materials at all supply chain levels, electrical/electronic components, and flexible circuit boards (FCP). Instead of reporting a fully disaggregated BOM, REC 019 offers suppliers a modular way to reporting materials in electronic components, including leaded components. The IMDS Steering Committee has created a number of standard modules to streamline the material data reporting procedure. It lays out the procedure providers must follow to make sure the data they submit completely complies with the legal requirements in the IMDS database, in addition to involving the compilation of standardized data sheets.
IMDS 建议 019 就是其中之一，它涉及电气和电子元件。 2003年10月30日首次获得授权并予以公开。新的 Rec 019 程序于 2013 年创建，旨在满足 REACH 通信要求以及机动车报废指令 (2000/53/EC) 的扩展要求。 Rec 019 详细介绍了适用于汽车应用、印刷电路板 ( PCB/PWB )、所有供应链级别的材料、电气/电子元件和柔性电路板 (FCP) 的混合电子产品的开发。 REC 019 不是报告完全分类的 BOM，而是为供应商提供了一种模块化的方式来报告电子元件（包括含铅元件）中的材料。 IMDS 指导委员会创建了许多标准模块来简化材料数据报告程序。除了涉及标准化数据表的编制之外，它还规定了提供商必须遵循的程序，以确保他们提交的数据完全符合 IMDS 数据库中的法律要求。

Benefits of applying IMDS for automotive manufacturing.
将 IMDS 应用到汽车制造的好处。

The automobile industry created the web-based IMDS Support application to manage and distribute data regarding the material make-up of vehicles and their parts. Manufacturers use it to gather and manage this data in a consistent way while suppliers use it to offer information about the materials used in their goods. The IMDS system offers a centralized database of data on materials used in the production of vehicles and is a crucial tool for ensuring compliance with international laws like the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) and End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) Directives of the European Union.
汽车行业创建了基于网络的 IMDS 支持应用程序来管理和分发有关车辆及其零部件材料构成的数据。制造商使用它以一致的方式收集和管理这些数据，而供应商则使用它提供有关其商品中使用的材料的信息。 IMDS 系统提供了车辆生产中使用的材料数据的集中数据库，是确保遵守有害物质限制 (RoHS) 和报废车辆 (ELV) 指令等国际法律的重要工具。欧洲联盟。
Using the IMDS system to accomplish compliance and sustainability in the automobile manufacturing Industry has a number of advantages:
使用 IMDS 系统来实现汽车制造行业的合规性和可持续性具有许多优势：

• Environmental Compliance: IMDS services make sure that automotive goods and the parts that make them up abide by environmental laws like RoHS, which forbids the use of hazardous materials in electronics. The manufacturing sector may avoid exorbitant fines and penalties and safeguard the environment by tracking the materials used in production and assuring compliance.
  环境合规性： IMDS 服务确保汽车产品及其零部件遵守 RoHS 等环境法，该法禁止在电子产品中使用有害材料。制造业可以通过跟踪生产中使用的材料并确保合规性来避免过高的罚款和处罚，并保护环境。
• Transparency of Materials: The IMDS system makes the materials used in Automotive Manufacturing Material Data and their parts transparent. To demonstrate compliance with environmental rules and company sustainability goals, this information can be shared with clients, authorities, and other stakeholders. The identification of possible areas for improvement by suppliers can also spur the development of new sustainable materials.
  材料的透明度： IMDS系统使汽车制造材料数据及其零件中使用的材料变得透明。为了证明遵守环境规则和公司可持续发展目标，可以与客户、当局和其他利益相关者共享这些信息。供应商确定可能需要改进的领域也可以刺激新的可持续材料的开发。
• Risk reduction: The IMDS system lowers the possibility of non-compliance with environmental laws by giving suppliers and manufacturers access to and updating common Auto Parts database of material data. As a result, there is less chance that compliance will be violated as a result of inaccurate or outdated data, and everyone is guaranteed to get the most recent information.
  降低风险： IMDS 系统允许供应商和制造商访问和更新通用汽车零部件材料数据数据库，从而降低不遵守环境法的可能性。因此，由于数据不准确或过时而违反合规性的可能性较小，并且每个人都可以保证获得最新的信息。
• Data security: IMDS does not reveal the names of lower-level suppliers and permits the designation of non-GADSL chemicals as confidential or the use of wildcards and wild symbols.
  数据安全： IMDS 不会透露较低级别供应商的名称，并允许将非 GADSL 化学品指定为机密或使用通配符和通配符号。
• Cost reduction: Lack of communication between automakers and suppliers increases supply chain risk and compliance difficulties, which raises costs (unnecessarily). In addition to ensuring data lifetime through constant regulatory adjustments and supplier involvement, IMDS also contributes to cost savings by discovering safer, more environmentally friendly substitute materials that may be used in the manufacturing process to better comply with global laws.
  降低成本：汽车制造商和供应商之间缺乏沟通会增加供应链风险和合规难度，从而增加成本（不必要的）。除了通过不断的监管调整和供应商参与来确保数据生命周期外，IMDS 还通过发现更安全、更环保的替代材料来节省成本，这些替代材料可用于制造过程，以更好地遵守全球法律。
• Enhancing Sustainability: The automotive sector as a whole may enhance sustainability by choosing safer, more environmentally friendly materials. Committing to enhancing environmental health can enhance a variety of factors, including the standing of automakers and suppliers, sales figures, consumer loyalty, and more.
  增强可持续性：整个汽车行业可以通过选择更安全、更环保的材料来增强可持续性。致力于改善环境健康可以提高多种因素，包括汽车制造商和供应商的地位、销售数据、消费者忠诚度等。

Advantages of using IMDS to provide data to customers:
使用IMDS向客户提供数据的优点：

1. It can be used by both first- and second-tier suppliers in the automotive industry, as well as all manufacturers of vehicles and parts.
   可供汽车行业一级、二级供应商以及所有整车及零部件制造商使用。
2. To supply part information to numerous manufacturers, suppliers just need to use one IMDS system.
   为了向众多制造商提供零件信息，供应商只需使用一套 IMDS 系统。
3. Supplier expenses are decreased by utilizing a single central system.
   通过使用单一中央系统可以降低供应商费用。
4. The IMDS data structure can be added to the built-in database to enhance its capabilities.
   IMDS数据结构可以添加到内置数据库中以增强其功能。
5. IMDS can ensure Ford’s Substance Management Standard (RSMS) and assist in meeting national and European inspection criteria, such as the European End-of-Life Vehicle Directive (2000/53/EC).
   IMDS 可以确保福特的物质管理标准 (RSMS) 并协助满足国家和欧洲检验标准，例如欧洲报废车辆指令 (2000/53/EC)。

IMDS allowable material percentage variance range.
IMDS 允许的材料百分比差异范围。

To begin assembling components in IMDS, ask your supplier for a material declaration. This appears to be section 3 of an SDS or a spectrometer analysis. The most fundamental substances in existence will be listed. Additionally, each substance’s CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number needs to be listed. The statement will list all metals other than iron.
要开始在 IMDS 中组装组件，请向您的供应商索取材料声明。这似乎是 SDS 或光谱仪分析的第 3 部分。将列出现有的最基本的物质。此外，还需要列出每种物质的 CAS（化学文摘社）编号。该声明将列出除铁以外的所有金属。
Verify that the sum of all percentages is 90–100%. Only 10% of the overall material composition can be classified as miscellaneous or “not declared” in IMDS (which can be used to protect confidential information). Please be aware that only specific percentage variations are permitted under IMDS Recommendation 001 when utilizing percentage ranges rather than exact percentages in material declarations:
验证所有百分比的总和是否为 90–100%。在 IMDS 中，只有 10% 的材料成分可以归类为杂项或“未声明”（可用于保护机密信息）。请注意，当在材料声明中使用百分比范围而不是精确百分比时，IMDS 建议 001 只允许特定的百分比变化：

• A discrepancy of three percentage points is allowed for ranges of 0% to 7.5%. (For instance, if the range starts at 0%, it can only rise by 3%.)
  0% 至 7.5% 的范围允许存在 3 个百分点的差异。 （例如，如果范围从 0% 开始，则只能上升 3%。）
• A five percentage point variation is allowed for ranges of 7.5% to 20%.
  7.5% 至 20% 的范围内允许有 5 个百分点的变化。
• A discrepancy of up to 10% is permitted for percentage ranges of 20% to 100%.
  对于 20% 至 100% 的百分比范围，允许最多 10% 的差异。

The average of the two percentages inside the range is utilized if your range falls outside of the one above. In order to determine the allowed range and not receive the Recommendation 001 warning, Consider your material classification carefully.
如果您的范围超出上述范围，则使用该范围内两个百分比的平均值。为了确定允许的范围并且不收到建议 001 警告，请仔细考虑您的材料分类。
To identify the right table, utilize the material categorization.
要确定正确的表格，请利用材料分类。
Be aware of your lowest limits.
注意你的最低限度。
When deciding which row in the table to select, pay close attention to breakpoints. If on a border, the table’s higher row is used.
当决定选择表中的哪一行时，请密切注意断点。如果位于边框上，则使用表格的较高行。
Find the corresponding M value.
求出对应的M值。
The maximum permissible upper bound value that would not cause warnings is obtained by adding M to the lower bound.
不会引起警告的最大允许上限值是通过将 M 添加到下限值来获得的。
Please be aware that while though the IMDS system enables you to issue MDSs with warnings, it is ultimately up to your client to decide whether to do so.
请注意，虽然 IMDS 系统允许您发出带警告的 MDS，但最终由您的客户决定是否这样做。

How Does IMDS work? IMDS 如何运作？

Before and during the component approval process, IMDS assists OEMs and large-tier suppliers in verifying the contents of their bought parts. Before PPAP approval can be given to the supplier, the Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) requires IMDS submission for each part number.
在零部件审批流程之前和期间，IMDS 协助 OEM 和大型供应商验证其购买零部件的内容。在向供应商提供 PPAP 批准之前，生产零件批准流程 (PPAP)要求提交每个零件编号的 IMDS。
The Material Data Systems for the automotive industry are accessible to anyone with a computer and an internet connection. Companies must register on the website in order to use this system, after which they are given a special identification number that is used to log their data under a firm ID. When suppliers send a material data sheet (MDS) to a client, a permanent connection is made between the two parties, and by the time the vehicle is completed, the IMDS ought to be an accurate representation of the supply chain flow.
任何拥有计算机和互联网连接的人都可以访问汽车行业的材料数据系统。公司必须在网站上注册才能使用该系统，之后他们将获得一个特殊的识别码，用于在公司 ID 下记录其数据。当供应商向客户发送材料数据表 (MDS) 时，两方之间就建立了永久连接，并且当车辆完成时，IMDS 应该准确地表示供应链流程。
The Bill of Materials should be grouped in order to identify each subcomponent. Next, state the material(s) that each is made of, describing the makeup of the material further by naming the constituent parts. Each component is weighed and measured, and the database record is arranged according to the product structure key.
物料清单应进行分组，以便识别每个子组件。接下来，说明每种材料的构成材料，并通过命名组成部分进一步描述材料的构成。对每个成分进行称重和测量，并根据产品结构键排列数据库记录。

The multinational Material Data System contains a developing catalog of every component used in every car made by a participating multinational automaker. Even if it is not required by law, developing a habit of carefully documenting data will help your supply chain and get your business ready for potential regulatory changes.
跨国材料数据系统包含参与的跨国汽车制造商制造的每辆汽车中使用的每个组件的开发目录。即使法律没有要求，养成仔细记录数据的习惯也将有助于您的供应链，并使您的企业为潜在的监管变化做好准备。

Material classification of International Material Data System?
国际材料数据系统的材料分类？

How to create International Material Data System?
如何创建国际材料数据系统？

On the IMDS homepage, under IMDS Information Page, click Register Your Company to register your business. It is only permitted for one business or location of commercial operation to register with IMDS. To access the IMDS system, click the “IMDS Login” button on the IMDS Information page. To log in, the user can input their user ID and password.
在IMDS 主页的 IMDS 信息页面下，单击注册您的公司以注册您的企业。仅允许一家企业或商业运营地点在 IMDS 注册。要访问 IMDS 系统，请单击 IMDS 信息页面上的“IMDS 登录”按钮。要登录，用户可以输入用户 ID 和密码。

What is the relationship between PPAP and IMDS?
PPAP 和 IMDS 之间有什么关系？

Manufacturers and suppliers can discuss and approve production designs and processes before, during, and after manufacturing with the use of the Production Part Approval Process (PPAP), a standard procedure for the automotive and aerospace sectors. PPAP was developed to make it easier for manufacturers and suppliers to understand each other’s requirements. It also makes sure that the processes used to make parts can reliably create them at the required production rates during normal production runs. The PPAP Handbook was originally a publication of the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) to manage PPAP procedures for those in the automotive industry. Now it is gradually being applied in all walks of life.
制造商和供应商可以使用汽车和航空航天领域的标准程序生产零件批准流程 (PPAP) 在制造之前、期间和之后讨论和批准生产设计和流程。 PPAP 的开发是为了让制造商和供应商更容易了解彼此的要求。它还确保用于制造零件的工艺能够在正常生产运行期间以所需的生产率可靠地生产零件。 PPAP 手册最初是汽车行业行动小组 (AIAG) 的出版物，用于管理汽车行业的 PPAP 程序。现在正逐渐应用于各行各业。

All materials used in the construction of an entire vehicle are gathered, preserved, analyzed, and archived in IMDS. The requirements placed on automakers and their suppliers by local, national, and worldwide standards, rules, and regulations are assisted by IMDS.
制造整辆车所使用的所有材料均在 IMDS 中收集、保存、分析和存档。 IMDS 协助满足地方、国家和全球标准、规则和法规对汽车制造商及其供应商提出的要求。
By comparing the provided data with lists of prohibited compounds from regulatory sources (GADSL, [3] REACH, ELV, etc.) and using a computer-based system, IMDS can identify hazardous and regulated substances. As a result, OEMs are able to track down dangerous compounds to specific parts and collaborate with suppliers to mitigate, manage, or completely remove dangers.
通过将提供的数据与来自监管来源（GADSL、[3] REACH、ELV 等）的禁用化合物列表进行比较并使用基于计算机的系统，IMDS 可以识别危险物质和受管制物质。因此，原始设备制造商能够追踪特定零件的危险化合物，并与供应商合作减轻、管理或完全消除危险。
Not just substances that should be notified and prohibited (such as Cr VI, Hg, Pb, and Cd), but all substances must be declared at 1 gram resolution or better in the Material Data Sheet (MDS) in IMDS. In order to fulfill the requirements of the ELV Directive, the OEM must have a thorough understanding of the components and materials of a product before it can be delivered to a deconstruction business.
不仅是应通报和禁止的物质（例如 Cr VI、Hg、Pb 和 Cd），而且所有物质都必须在 IMDS 的材料数据表 (MDS) 中以 1 克或更好的分辨率进行申报。为了满足 ELV 指令的要求，OEM 必须全面了解产品的组件和材料，然后才能将其交付给拆解企业。

Each supplier is required to submit information about the parts they offer to their direct clients as part of the system’s fundamental workflow concept. The customer-supplier relationship is maintained when every link in the supply chain provides data in this manner, simulating the actual supply chain part flow. A contractual need for PPAP, which is a component of the common automotive quality system, is often data entry in IMDS.
作为系统基本工作流程概念的一部分，每个供应商都需要向其直接客户提交有关其提供的零件的信息。当供应链中的每个环节都以这种方式提供数据时，客户与供应商的关系就得以维持，模拟了实际的供应链零件流程。 PPAP 是通用汽车质量体系的一个组成部分，其合同需求通常是 IMDS 中的数据输入。

Prior to and throughout the component approval process, IMDS assists OEMs and big suppliers in confirming the substance of the parts they have sourced. Before PPAP approval is granted to the supplier, the Production component Approval Process (PPAP) requires IMDS submission for each component number. You are unable to supply parts without IMDS data.
在零部件批准过程之前和整个过程中，IMDS 协助 OEM 和大型供应商确认他们采购的零部件的实质内容。在向供应商授予 PPAP 批准之前，生产组件批准流程 (PPAP) 要求提交每个组件编号的 IMDS。如果没有 IMDS 数据，您将无法供应零件。

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